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Muscle dysmorphia (also known as "megarexia", "bigorexia", or "reverse anorexia nervosa") is a disorder that is characterized by a fear of being too small, and perceiving oneself as small and weak even when one is actually large and muscular.〔Pope, H. G., Katz, D. L., & Hudson, J. I. (1993). Anorexia nervosa and “reverse anorexia” among 108 male bodybuilders. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 34(6), 406-409. doi:10.1016/0010-440X(93)90066-D〕 Sometimes referred to as the ''Adonis Complex'', muscle dysmorphia is a very specific type of body dysmorphic disorder. In this disorder a person is preoccupied with thoughts concerning appearance, especially musculature. According to the Body Dysmorphic Disorder Foundation one in ten gym-going men are living with the disorder.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-34315196 )〕 As with other forms of body dysmorphic disorder, muscle dysmorphia is strictly connected with selective attention: individuals selectively focus their attention on perceived defect (too skinny body, underweight etc.). They are hypervigilant to even small deviations from perceived ideal and they ignore information that their body image is not consistent with reality. Sociologist Anthony Cortese views muscle dysmorphia as an obsessive compulsive disorder that reflects the dysfunctionality of gender roles in post-modern society. Cortese identifies muscular dysmorphia as a primarily a male disorder that mirrors the feminized anorexia nervosa, Cortese says: "These men are obsessed with attaining an unrealistic cultural standard of muscularity as masculinity. == Diagnosis == A diagnosis of muscle dysmorphia requires that a person exhibit symptoms of the type and degree outlined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for body dysmorphic disorder, and not merely appear over-interested in physique or engage in compensatory behaviors considered irrational and unhealthy. Muscle dysmorphia is most common in males and often starts in the late teens, although sometimes, they can be older. Olivardia and others found in a 2000 study that the average onset age was 19.4 years. It most often occurs in those whom others already consider muscular, and is often accompanied by depression. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Muscle dysmorphia」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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